SWOVEEENGINEERING DOSSIER / REV 1.0PDF ↓
LUNAR MATERIAL LOOP03B / 05

Turn lunar soil into stone.
No bulk water. No cement kiln.

The credible lunar baseline is dry, binderless and compression-first: excavate whole regolith, screen only what the process needs, compact it, fuse selected regions and inspect every lot.

03B.1 / CLOSED LOOP

Scoop → screen → compact → fuse → inspect.

01QUARRY

S01 maps and skims a qualified cell. Whole regolith remains the default feed; oversize becomes berm material.

02PREP

P01 weighs, rejects rocks and meters recipe-selected grading into a sealed hopper.

03FORM

R01 grades thin lifts, compacts a slip-form or fills reusable molds for keyed units.

04FUSE

F01 scans a 2.45 GHz microwave or qualified laser head over the surface under thermal feedback.

05PROVE

Cool under control; scan geometry and cracks; run NDE and witness-coupon acceptance before release.

03B.2 / FORMING LADDER

Start horizontal. Earn vertical.

TIER 0

Raw civil works

Grade, compact, trench, backfill and mound. Lowest energy; the largest local-mass multiplier.

TIER 1

Fused horizontal skin

Harden dust-control lanes, utility zones, pavers and test pads where brittle material remains in compression.

TIER 2

Keyed masonry

Batch-compact and step-heat pavers or blocks, then robotically assemble arches, vaults and protective shells.

TIER 3

Cast / melted units

Later molds produce abrasion tiles and high-load bases, accepting higher energy, refractory and shrinkage risk.

Vertical freeform “printing” is not the first mission. Horizontal infrastructure and assembled compression units are easier to support, inspect and repair.

03B.3 / PROCESS CONTROL

Vacuum changes the heat problem.

HEATReflected microwave power + thermal field

Closed-loop power and scan speed expose poor coupling and thermal runaway.

GASStaged heat / degas / reheat

Small vacuum tests show gas evolution and pores can appear as temperature rises; the cycle must be site-qualified.

COOLBound thermal gradient

Vacuum removes convection. Cooling schedule and conduction paths become part of the recipe.

PROVELot coupons + geometry + NDE

Strength values from gram-scale simulant coupons are evidence for experiments—not guarantees for a full-scale wall.

03B.4 / BUILD ENVELOPE

What the first lunar fleet may—and may not—claim.

YES / FIRSTGrade, trenches + bermsPLAN

Raw screened regolith; compact and scan density/geometry.

YES / FIRSTShielding + overburdenPLAN

Loose or compacted local mass around a delivered pressure vessel.

TARGETRoads, hardstands + paversPLAN

Compacted lifts with microwave- or laser-fused wear surfaces.

TARGETFoundations + unpressurized shellsPLAN

Keyed blocks, arches, domes and compression ribs after structural qualification.

NOT YETLanding pad at operational scaleREJECT

Requires full plume, thermal shock, erosion, fracture and inspection qualification.

NO V1Printed airtight habitatREJECT

Use an imported certified pressure liner, doors, windows and tension system.

03B.5 / MATERIAL REJECTIONS

Waterless does not make every binder viable.

SULFUR

Not the lunar baseline

Exposed lunar temperature and vacuum create melt, loss and thermal-cycle risks; local sulfur is scarce and still needs extraction. Keep it a shielded cold-region research option.

GEOPOLYMER

Not external v1

Imported activator, water handling and vacuum cure control erase the simple local-material story. Reconsider only inside a sealed heated recovery tent.

POLYMER

Repair contingency

A high-regolith composite can make joints or patches, but imported polymer, radiation, outgassing and thermal limits prevent an ISRU-only claim.

03B.6 / MASS ACCOUNTING

What still comes from Earth.

IMPORTPower conversion, storage and tether
IMPORTMicrowave/laser source and applicator
IMPORTAvionics, sensors and replaceable wear parts
IMPORTPressure liner, seals, doors and windows
LOCALBulk shielding, berms and compacted fill
LOCALFused pavers, road/pad skins and blocks
PRIMARY SOURCES
NASA lunar surface technology ↗NASA MMPACT record ↗NASA microwave construction ↗ESA solar sintering ↗
NEXT / 03C / MARSThe Martian material loop